DRUG RESISTANCE MUTATIONS AND TRANSMISSION CLUSTERS OF THE HIV-1 CRF01_AE SUB-EPIDEMIC IN BULGARIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58395/pipd.v49i3.68Keywords:
HIV-1, CRF01_AE, drug resistance, transmission clustersAbstract
Background. In Bulgaria the second most predominant HIV-1 strain after subtype B is CRF01_AE.
Material and Methods. 270 HIV-1 polymerase (pol) CRF01_AE sequences collected between 1995–2019 were analyzed with the phylogenetic approach. To identify transmission clusters, we used two different genetic distance thresholds (d), i. e. 1.5% and 0.5%.
Results. Genetic distance d=1.5% defined more distant infections in a huge cluster of 154 sequences composed mostly of people, who inject drugs (PWID), whereas when (d) was reduced to 0.5%, we determined more recent transmissions and the large cluster disintegrated into smaller ones. Different drug resistance mutations (DRM) were detected in patient’s HIV-1 pol sequences and were most common in male heterosexual (HET) single sequences.
Conclusions. Our data showed repeated introduction of CRF01_AE in Bulgaria and rapid spread of the infection among PWID groups. Molecular monitoring of the epidemic among PWID communities could help reduce the spread of HIV-1 infection.
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Copyright (c) 2022 Lyubomira Grigorova, Reneta Dimitrova, Aleksandra Partsuneva, Anna Gancheva, Asya Kostadinova, Ivaylo Elenkov, Nina Yancheva, Mariyana Stoycheva, Tsetsa Doychinova, Liliya Pekova, Minas Kosmidis, Ivailo Alexiev (Author)
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